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Supreme Court Opinions - 3 rd Quarter 2007

This Page Last Updated: May 01, 2008 at 10:02.31 hours

The following Opinions are available for download:


Cases posted the week of 09/03/2007
Tennessee Farmers Life Reassurance Company v. Linda E. Rose, et al. - E2005-00006-SC-R11-CV View
Morgan County - We granted permission to appeal in this case to determine whether the decedent’s durable power of attorney authorized her attorney-in-fact to change the beneficiary of the decedent’s life insurance policy. For the reasons stated below, we conclude that the durable power of attorney authorized the attorney-in-fact to change the beneficiary of the policy. Accordingly, we reverse the judgments of the lower courts; however, because our holding does not resolve all of the issues raised in the pleadings, we remand this case to the trial court for further proceedings.

Cases posted the week of 08/27/2007
Jerry T. Troup, Jr. v. Fischer Steel Corporation - W2005-00913-SC-R11-CV View
Shelby County - The plaintiff in this case suffered an on-the-job injury and filed a tort claim against the third-party defendant. We granted review to determine whether the third-party defendant is entitled to argue the comparative fault of a principal contractor who is an employer for purposes of the Workers’ Compensation Law. We conclude that the third-party defendant may not argue the comparative fault of a principal contractor even if the principal contractor does not have a subrogation interest in the plaintiff’s recovery. The third-party defendant may, however, argue that the principal contractor was the sole cause in fact of the plaintiff’s injuries. We also conclude that the jury instruction provided by the trial court accurately and adequately explained the jury’s ability to consider whether the actions of the principal contractor were the cause in fact of the plaintiff’s injuries. Accordingly, we reverse the ruling of the Court of Appeals and remand this case to the Court of Appeals for consideration of the issues pretermitted by its opinion.

William W. Brown, Jr., individually, and as surviving spouse of Shirley Brown, deceased v. Erachem Comilog, Inc. - M2005-01825-SC-WCM-CV View
Humphreys County - We granted review to determine when the statute of limitations begins to run in a workers’ compensation case in which the employee suffers from an occupational disease. The trial court dismissed Employee’s suit as untimely, reasoning that the statute of limitations began to run when Employee gave notice to Employer that she had an occupational disease. The Special Workers’ Compensation Appeals Panel affirmed the trial court’s judgment, relying upon Bone v. Saturn Corp., 148 S.W.3d 69 (Tenn. 2004), overruled by Bldg. Materials Corp. v. Britt, 211 S.W.3d 706 (Tenn. 2007), a gradually occurring injury case. We conclude that the Panel erred in relying upon Bone in affirming the trial court’s finding of untimeliness. Claims involving occupational diseases are governed by Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-306(a) (2005). This statute provides that the statute of limitations in an occupational disease case begins to run when an employee knows or should know that she has an occupational disease and that it has injuriously affected her capacity to work to a degree amounting to a compensable injury. Because Employee filed suit within one year of becoming incapacitated from working, we hold that her claim for benefits was timely. Accordingly, we reverse the trial court’s judgment.

Cases posted the week of 08/20/2007
State of Tennessee vs. Henry A. Edmondson, Jr. - M2005-01665-SC-R11-CD View
Davidson County - We granted the Defendant Henry A. Edmondson, Jr.’s request for permission to appeal to address an issue of first impression regarding the meaning of the word “possession” as it is used in the carjacking statute. The Defendant accosted the victim in a retail parking lot when she was several yards away from her parked car. He demanded her keys and then drove away in her car. The Defendant contends that the victim was too far away from her vehicle to be in “possession” of it as required by the carjacking statute, Tennessee Code Annotated section 39-13-404 (2006). We hold that the victim was in possession of her motor vehicle and that the Defendant’s conviction of carjacking is supported by sufficient evidence. Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of the Court of Criminal Appeals.

State of Tennessee v. Kenneth C. Dailey, III - M2005-01223-SC-R11-CD View
Davidson County - The Defendant, Kenneth C. Dailey, III, pleaded guilty to second degree murder and reserved a certified question of law regarding the admissibility of his statements of confession to the crime. Disagreeing with the trial court, the prosecutor, and the defense that the question was dispositive of the case, the Court of Criminal Appeals dismissed the appeal. We hold that, on the record before us, the certified question is dispositive of the case. Accordingly, we reverse and remand this matter to the Court of Criminal Appeals for its review of the certified question on its merits.

Simpson Strong-Tie Company v. Stewart, Estes & Donnell - M2006-02407-SC-R23-CQ
VIew
We accepted a question of law certified by the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee to determine whether the absolute litigation privilege applies to what may be defamatory communications made by an attorney prior to a proposed judicial proceeding when the communications are directed at recipients unconnected with the proposed proceeding. We hold that an attorney is privileged to publish what may be defamatory information prior to a proposed judicial proceeding even when the communication is directed at recipients unconnected with the proposed proceeding. In order for the privilege to apply, (1) the communication must be made by an attorney acting in the capacity of counsel, (2) the communication must be related to the subject matter of the proposed litigation, (3) the proposed proceeding must be under serious consideration by the attorney acting in good faith, and (4) the attorney must have a client or identifiable prospective client at the time the communication is published.

UT Medical Group, Inc. v. Val Y. Vogt, M.D., et al. - W2005-00256-SC-R11-CV View
Shelby County - We granted review in this case to determine whether UT Medical Group, Inc. presented a justiciable case or controversy to the trial court when it alleged that Dr. Vogt anticipatorily breached an employment contract covenant. Because the record fails to show that Dr. Vogt committed an anticipatory repudiation of the non-competition covenant found in her employment agreement, Dr. Vogt is entitled to summary judgment. Therefore, we reverse the judgment of the Court of Appeals and remand this case to the trial court for the entry of an order dismissing the case.

Cases posted the week of 08/13/2007
Michael Wilhelm v. Kroger's d/b/a Peyton's Southeastern - E2006-00268-SC-WCM-WC
View
Bradley County- In 2004, the plaintiff, Michael Wilhelm, filed a workers’ compensation claim alleging an injury to his back and left hip. In response, the defendant, Krogers d/b/a Peyton’s Southeastern, denied the claim, asserting that the injuries did not arise out of his employment. At the conclusion of the trial, the trial court awarded the plaintiff a 35% permanent partial disability to the body as a whole. The Special Workers’ Compensation Appeals Panel affirmed the judgment. Because, however, the injuries do not qualify as work-related and an earlier workers’ compensation settlement bars recovery, the judgment must be reversed and the case dismissed.

State of Tennessee v. Tino Vernell Rodgers (a minor) - W2005-00632-SC-R11-CV View
Gibson County - We granted review to answer two questions: (1) whether the trial court erred by dismissing a petition for post-commitment relief from a probation violation in juvenile court; and (2) whether the Court of Appeals erred by dismissing the appeal as moot because the Petitioner had reached the age of nineteen. Because an oral directive by the juvenile court placing a minor under house arrest is not a valid court order, the trial court erred by dismissing the petition for post-commitment relief. Because a probation violation in juvenile court may have adverse consequences after the completion of a term of commitment, the doctrine of mootness does not apply. The judgment of the Court of Appeals is reversed, and the order of juvenile commitment is set aside.

Alexander C. Wells v. TN Board of Regents, et al. - M2005-00938-SC-R11-CV View
Davidson County - We accepted review of this case to decide whether a tenured university professor whose employment by the State was wrongfully terminated may recover back pay and lost benefits pursuant to Tennessee Code Annotated section 49-8-304. While the trial court initially found there was no statutory authority to grant monetary damages, the plaintiff was awarded back wages, lost benefits, and interest. The Court of Appeals affirmed. Because there is no statutory authority for the award, however, the judgments of the trial court and the Court of Appeals must be reversed and the cause dismissed.

Marissa Miller, a minor, by and through her mother, and next friend, Miranda Miller v. John Dacus, M.D. - M2006-02728-SC-R23-CQ View
In 2003, the Plaintiff through her mother and next friend brought a medical malpractice suit in federal district court against the obstetrician for injuries sustained by the Plaintiff during her birth in 1993, alleging both medical negligence and lack of informed consent. The district court dismissed the lack of informed consent claim on summary judgment, ruling that a child born alive does not have an independent action for lack of informed consent. On appeal, the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit certified two questions of law to this Court. We hold that a child born alive does have an independent cause of action for injuries caused by the failure of a physician to obtain informed consent from the child’s mother during labor. Also, we hold that Tennessee Code Annotated section 28-1-106 tolls the three-year statute of repose for the Plaintiff’s lack of informed consent claim because the claim was commenced before December 9, 2005. See Calaway v. Schucker, 193 S.W.3d 509 (Tenn. 2005).

State of Tennessee v. Eric Berrios - W2005-01179-SC-R11-CD View
Shelby County - The defendant, Eric Berrios, was charged with one count of possession with intent to sell or deliver more than three hundred grams of cocaine. After the trial court granted the defendant’s motion to suppress the cocaine seized during the traffic stop, the State was granted an interlocutory appeal pursuant to Rule 9 of the Tennessee Rules of Appellate Procedure. The Court of Criminal Appeals affirmed the suppression of the evidence. We granted the State’s application for permission to appeal to determine whether the officer’s actions amounted to an unconstitutional seizure and, if so, whether the defendant’s consent to search the vehicle was sufficiently attenuated from that illegal act. Because the seizure violated constitutional safeguards and because the consent to search was not sufficiently attenuated from the violation, we affirm the suppression of the evidence. The judgment of the Court of Criminal Appeals is, therefore, affirmed.

State of Tennessee v. Sabrina Renee Lewis - M2004-02255-SC-R11-CD View
Davidson County - The Defendant, Sabrina Renee Lewis, was convicted of criminally negligent homicide and facilitation of especially aggravated robbery. The trial court imposed a twenty-one-year effective sentence. The Court of Criminal Appeals affirmed. We granted permission to appeal in order to consider three evidentiary questions, the last two of which require interpretations of the federal and state constitutional provisions relating to the right of confrontation: (1) whether a videotaped statement by the Defendant was admissible as “against interests”; (2) whether a statement by the victim was admissible as a dying declaration; and (3) whether expert testimony regarding DNA test results was admissible. Because the videotaped statement by the Defendant was properly allowed as an admission by a party opponent, because a testimonial dying declaration does not violate the right of confrontation under the federal or state constitution, and because confrontation rights do not prohibit an expert evaluation of DNA data, the judgment of the Court of Criminal Appeals is affirmed.

Auto Credit of Nashville v. Melissa Wimmer - M2005-00978-SC-R11-CV View
Sumner County - This case arises out of the financing and subsequent repossession of an automobile. After retaking possession of the collateral, the creditor sent written notification to the debtor that the automobile would be sold but that she could redeem the vehicle by paying the full amount owed. Although the debtor never received this notification, the creditor was unaware of that fact until after the sale of the vehicle. Because the sale price did not cover the amount owed on the vehicle, the creditor sought a deficiency judgment against the debtor. The debtor filed a counterclaim for statutory damages under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), claiming that she had not received proper notification. The trial court awarded a deficiency judgment against the debtor and dismissed the debtor’s counterclaim. The Court of Appeals, only addressing the dismissal of the counterclaim, reversed the trial court and held that the creditor failed to furnish reasonable notification of the sale to the debtor, in that the creditor failed to take reasonable steps to determine whether the notification had been delivered to the debtor before proceeding with the sale. We reverse the Court of Appeals and hold that the UCC’s reasonable notification requirement does not require the creditor to verify receipt and that the creditor’s actions in this case were sufficient to comply with the statute. Therefore, the counterclaim for statutory damages is dismissed.

Anthony Tigg, et al. v. Pirelli Tire Corporation, et al. - M2003-02118-SC-R11-CV View
Davidson Cuonty - The eleven plaintiffs in this case were hired to replace union employees who were on strike against Pirelli Tire Corporation. Once the strike ended, Pirelli Tire Corporation terminated the plaintiffs’ employment. Years later, the plaintiffs filed this lawsuit naming Pirelli Tire Corporation, United Steelworkers of America, and United Rubber, Cork, Linoleum and Plastic Workers of America (“URW”) Local Union 670 as defendants. Upon the defendants’ motion, the trial court dismissed the plaintiffs’ complaint as untimely. The Court of Appeals reversed the dismissal as to two of the plaintiffs’ claims. The defendants, Pirelli Tire Corporation, United Steelworkers of America, and URW Local Union 670, have appealed. We granted review to determine whether the previous timely commencement of a class action by other terminated replacement workers tolled the statutes of limitations applicable to the plaintiffs’ lawsuit. We hold that the complaint filed by the previous plaintiffs, which purported to be a class action, did not operate to toll the statutes of limitations for the plaintiffs in this case after the time for seeking class certification expired. We reverse the judgment of the Court of Appeals and affirm the trial court’s dismissal of the plaintiffs’ complaint as untimely. Our ruling that the plaintiffs’ action is barred by the statutes of limitations is dispositive of the case; therefore, we will not address the other issues presented by the parties.

State of Tennessee v. Danny Strode - M2005-00906-SC-R11-DD View
Marion County - In this capital case, we consider whether the State may pursue an interlocutory appeal from a trial court’s determination that a defendant is ineligible for the death penalty due to mental retardation. Upon holding that it may, we also consider whether the trial court erred in finding the Defendant, Danny Strode, mentally retarded as set forth in Tennessee Code Annotated section 39-13-203(a) (2003). We hold that Tennessee Code Annotated section 39-13-203(a) requires that a defendant’s mental retardation must have been manifested by eighteen years of age. Because the proof in this case preponderates against the trial court’s finding that the Defendant’s mental retardation manifested by his eighteenth birthday, we hold that the trial court erred in finding the Defendant to be mentally retarded and therefore ineligible for the death penalty. Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of the Court of Criminal Appeals. This matter is remanded to the trial court for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.

Cases posted the week of 07/23/2007
Gilbert Waters, et al. v. Wesley Coker, M.D. - M2004-01540-SC-R11-CV View
Corrected Opinion - Originally Filed June 29, 2007
Davidson County - In a medical malpractice suit filed by the Plaintiffs, Gilbert Waters and his wife, Hixie Waters, against an orthopedic surgeon, Dr. Wesley Coker, the trial court provided a divided jury with a variation of the “dynamite charge.” Because the Plaintiffs did not present the issue as a ground for relief in the motion for new trial or otherwise provide the trial court with the opportunity to correct its error, the issue has been waived. Accordingly, the judgment of the Court of Appeals is reversed and the judgment of the trial court is reinstated.

Cases posted the week of 07/09/2007
Pamela C. Lichtenwalter v. Chris Edward Lichtenwalter - M2003-03115-SC-R11-CV View
Davidson County - We granted this appeal to determine whether adult children who are not parties to this action may receive a judgment for child support arrearage that accrued pursuant to a valid order awarding child support to their mother. We hold that the right of recovery for the child support arrearage in this case lies with the parent to whom the child support is due. The mother is therefore entitled to the child support arrearage that accrued during the children’s minority. Accordingly, we reverse the Court of Appeals’ award of the child support arrearage to the parties’ adult children and remand this case to the trial court for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.